210 research outputs found
GAME ANALYSIS - An analytical framework to bridge the practitioner- researcher gap in negotiation research
This paper focuses on a discussion of the five major paradigms currently involved in negotiation research: mechanism, process, system, field, and game. It scans their respective potential to cope with two challenges of negotiation research. The first is to bridge the gap between practitioners and researchers. The second is to clarify the ambiguity, present in most analysis, between those characteristics of a negotiation which stem out of the specifics of the problem being negotiated, and those which pertain generally to the negotiation process itself.
The discussion will show that the game paradigm, although currently less systematically used than the others, has a unique capacity in both these respects. It needs, however, a thorough reexamination, to which much of the paper is dedicated. Our conclusion is that a systematic reflection on, and utilization of, the game paradigm provide a sound basis for a wide range of applications which can be labeled Game Analysis, and are quite useful in negotiation research and other similar fields in which the practitioners' present and past experience is a crucial factor
Inelastic light, neutron, and X-ray scatterings related to the heterogeneous elasticity of glasses
The effects of plasticization of poly(methyl methacrylate) glass on the boson
peaks observed by Raman and neutron scattering are compared. In plasticized
glass the cohesion heterogeneities are responsible for the neutron boson peak
and partially for the Raman one, which is enhanced by the composition
heterogeneities. Because the composition heterogeneities have a size similar to
that of the cohesion ones and form quasiperiodic clusters, as observed by small
angle X-ray scattering, it is inferred that the cohesion heterogeneities in a
normal glass form nearly periodic arrangements too. Such structure at the
nanometric scale explains the linear dispersion of the vibrational frequency
versus the transfer momentum observed by inelastic X-ray scattering.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, to be published in J. Non-Cryst. Solids
(Proceedings of the 4th IDMRCS
High order vibration modes of glass embedded AgAu nanoparticles
High resolution low frequency Raman scattering measurements from embedded
AgAu nanoparticles unveil efficient scattering by harmonics of both the
quadrupolar and the spherical modes. Comparing the experimental data with
theoretical calculations that account for both the embedding medium and the
resonant Raman process enables a very complete description of the observed
multiple components in terms of harmonics of both the quadrupolar and spherical
modes, with a dominating Raman response from the former ones. It is found that
only selected harmonics of the quadrupolar mode contribute significantly to the
Raman spectra in agreement with earlier theoretical predictions.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Comment on "Estimate of the vibrational frequencies of spherical virus particles"
This comment corrects some errors which appeared in the calculation of an
elastic sphere eigenenergies. As a result, the symmetry of the mode having the
lowest frequency is changed. Also a direction for calculating the damping of
these modes for embedded elastic spheres is given.Comment: comment L. H. Ford Phys. Rev. E 67 (2003) 05192
Effect of physical aging on the low-frequency vibrational density of states of a glassy polymer
The effects of the physical aging on the vibrational density of states (VDOS)
of a polymeric glass is studied. The VDOS of a poly(methyl methacrylate) glass
at low-energy (<15 meV), was determined from inelastic neutron scattering at
low-temperature for two different physical thermodynamical states. One sample
was annealed during a long time at temperature lower than Tg, and another was
quenched from a temperature higher than Tg. It was found that the VDOS around
the boson peak, relatively to the one at higher energy, decreases with the
annealing at lower temperature than Tg, i.e., with the physical aging.Comment: To be published in Europhys. Let
Continuum elastic sphere vibrations as a model for low-lying optical modes in icosahedral quasicrystals
The nearly dispersionless, so-called "optical" vibrational modes observed by
inelastic neutron scattering from icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn and Zn-Mg-Y
quasicrystals are found to correspond well to modes of a continuum elastic
sphere that has the same diameter as the corresponding icosahedral basic units
of the quasicrystal. When the sphere is considered as free, most of the
experimentally found modes can be accounted for, in both systems. Taking into
account the mechanical connection between the clusters and the remainder of the
quasicrystal allows a complete assignment of all optical modes in the case of
Al-Pd-Mn. This approach provides support to the relevance of clusters in the
vibrational properties of quasicrystals.Comment: 9 pages without figure
Elastic constant dishomogeneity and dependence of the broadening of the dynamical structure factor in disordered systems
We propose an explanation for the quadratic dependence on the momentum ,
of the broadening of the acoustic excitation peak recently found in the study
of the dynamic structure factor of many real and simulated glasses. We ascribe
the observed law to the spatial fluctuations of the local wavelength of
the collective vibrational modes, in turn produced by the dishomegeneity of the
inter-particle elastic constants. This explanation is analitically shown to
hold for 1-dimensional disordered chains and satisfatorily numerically tested
in both 1 and 3 dimensions.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, 5 postscript figure
Multiple-scattering effects on incoherent neutron scattering in glasses and viscous liquids
Incoherent neutron scattering experiments are simulated for simple dynamic
models: a glass (with a smooth distribution of harmonic vibrations) and a
viscous liquid (described by schematic mode-coupling equations). In most
situations multiple scattering has little influence upon spectral
distributions, but it completely distorts the wavenumber-dependent amplitudes.
This explains an anomaly observed in recent experiments
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